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                  <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow</text>
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                  <text>Bill Hayes shared these documents on behalf of Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, granddaughters of the Civil War veteran Samuel L. Roberts. The collection includes a letter of parole (Roberts was a Civil War POW), a letter Roberts sent home from the battlefront in 1864, discharge papers and other documents. Hayes shared the documents at the Nebraska City History Harvest event held at the Lewis and Clark Missouri River Basin Visitors Center on September 12, 2010.</text>
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                  <text>Grace Emmett</text>
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                  <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, Nebraska City History Harvest, 2010</text>
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              <text>Camp 15th Iowa Inft&#13;
Near Chattahoochee river Ga&#13;
July 12th, 1864&#13;
&#13;
P I don’t think we&#13;
will get any pay before&#13;
Sept and then if we&#13;
get paid up I can&#13;
send you $100.00(?) I&#13;
hope you all had a good&#13;
(?) the 4th I have&#13;
told you a little of the&#13;
time we had S L R&#13;
&#13;
Dear Pa once more I have the chance and paper&#13;
to write you a few lines for I expect that you are all very&#13;
anxious to hear from me as I have not written for several&#13;
days but it is not my fault that I have not written&#13;
more for we have been fighting nearly every day for the &#13;
last ten days and another thing I have no paper nor &#13;
envelope nor stamps and all the boys is out I got this&#13;
from Dan Embree(?) and he is about out now I am well&#13;
and hearty and have escaped the shot and shell so far&#13;
although I have had some georgetown graziers we have&#13;
lost 50 men in our reg 2 killed and 6 wounded&#13;
in our Co Joe Paul Mrs Bernards boy is wounded in the&#13;
right breast it is not dangerous John Reeves from&#13;
Indianola had both legs shot off on the 4th we drove&#13;
the rebs 2 miles the 4th our reg was deployed as skirmishers&#13;
in the advance we charged their rifle pits that day up the&#13;
hill through an open field and there no(?) where our brave&#13;
fell like grass before the Scythe but we drove(?) the&#13;
butternut devils out and held their pits and powered&#13;
volley after volley into them as they ran. and here we are(?)&#13;
halted a little while and straightened up our line then(?)&#13;
the Col came along the line a waving his sword&#13;
and a yelling bully boys off(?) with your knapsacks and&#13;
(?) and (?) the works and of(?) and again (we had had(?)&#13;
our knapsacks up till this time) and the order&#13;
-------&#13;
wasent more than out of his mouth till our cadts(?)&#13;
and knapsacks were off and over the works we sprang&#13;
with a yell that would deafen people up in your country&#13;
and on through the woods we went on a run but&#13;
soon we was checked a little by a hail of lead in&#13;
the shape of minie balls but we pushed on driving&#13;
them before us till we came to another line of&#13;
their rifle pits whare was met by grape and&#13;
canister So we took cover behind trees as well&#13;
as we could and kept up a heavy fire of musketry&#13;
here we was about 100 yds apart a small field of&#13;
corn between us and it was pull nich pull&#13;
(?) for about a half hour when the rebel buge(?)&#13;
(?)ded and (?) they came 2 lines deep and&#13;
we only had one line and that a light one but&#13;
Col Belknap says hold your ground boys till&#13;
the punch you a little with (?) their bayonets&#13;
and they fall (?) (crossed) and we did hold our ground&#13;
till they came right up to us and the center&#13;
gave way first and their colars went clear&#13;
by us and as they came up close to us they&#13;
commenced yelling now we've got the yanks&#13;
now we've got 'em and our boys yelled back&#13;
at them not by a da_d(?)ed sight and poured&#13;
in a volley and fell back to the rifle pits&#13;
whare we drove the rebs from and was thare re(?)&#13;
forced by 3 (?) the rest of their Brig we (?)&#13;
advanced in 2 lines of battle and drove them&#13;
-------&#13;
till sundown when they opened on us with&#13;
artillery from a heavy line of breastworks (?)&#13;
them fell back on the hill about ¼ of a mile&#13;
from the rebs works and bivouacked for the&#13;
night and went back after our knapsacks&#13;
we then got supper and eat a snack of T(?) and&#13;
Sowbelly and coffeee and then went to works and&#13;
(?)&#13;
3 o clock in the morning and we advanced&#13;
again at six on the 5th To storm the&#13;
enemys works which we did in splendid (?)&#13;
style too we had to charge about 400 yds (?)&#13;
an open field and in front of us was a hea(?)&#13;
fort of 6 guns and for a hundred yds in front(?)&#13;
of the fort (crossed) they had (crossed) pickets droved(?) (?)&#13;
and sharpened so they could shoot us down&#13;
while we was a getting over them (?) (?)&#13;
in 2 lines our reg and the 16th Iowa in front&#13;
and the 11th V(?) 13th in the rear for support&#13;
we went up on quiet(?) time till we was with&#13;
in about 200 yds of the works then we raised&#13;
the yell and went it on the run and the&#13;
cowardly cusses couldent stand our bayonets&#13;
so they showd us their heels when we got with&#13;
in about 100 yds of their works so we seased(?)&#13;
their works with a very small fors to what we(?)&#13;
would if they had a stood their ground like&#13;
men and of all the yelling that I ever&#13;
-------&#13;
heard it was just after we gained their works Genls&#13;
Gresham Blair and McPherson came dashing up&#13;
a waving their hats and swords and hollering&#13;
harrah for the Iowa Brigade we then cheered&#13;
them and started on and halted (?)&#13;
½ a mile of their next line of works&#13;
and they shelled us pretty lively for a&#13;
couple of hours we then advanced (?)&#13;
within 1/4(?) of a mile of their works and&#13;
Col Hall com'd'r our Brig came running a&#13;
long drunk and said we had to charge a (?)&#13;
Nickajack(?) creek on the rebs forts and the&#13;
ground was just like prairie all the way and the&#13;
rebs had 30 guns a bearing right on us and if&#13;
we had a charged we would all been killed or captured&#13;
and we have to thank our noble Col for it and&#13;
the Cols of the other regt's for they got togeth&#13;
er and said there would (?) have their mind(?)&#13;
s (?) up for nothing and to satisfy a&#13;
drunken commander. So we dident charge&#13;
and gen Mcls(?) said he was glad of it for he&#13;
said thare would not a been any more Iowa&#13;
Brigade if we had. we now (?) the enemy&#13;
works we routed them by a flank movement we are&#13;
on one side of the river and they are on the other&#13;
well I have about run out of paper&#13;
must close I can (?)&#13;
had (?) Bill to us well to all his folks if you all&#13;
them(?) write soon your son&#13;
Leonidas Roberts&#13;
</text>
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              <text>letter</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Samuel L. Roberts' Letter from the Civil War Battlefield near Chattahoochee River, Georgia, July 12th, 1864</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This letter sent from the Civil War battlefield in Georgia is the only one left with the granddaughters of Samuel L. Roberts and is a vivid source on the life in the Union Army towards the end of the war.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa. Roberts probably wrote a letter in three sittings using black ink, pencil, and blue ink near the sight of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Roberts started the letter with excuses for not writing for "several days for we have been fighting nearly every day," and the news of his health ("have escaped so far the shot and shell") and other "boys" wounded. He followed with the detailed description of the battle and the Confederate army running away ("the cowardly cusses couldent stand our bayonets so they showd us their heels") and ended with a description of the drunken commander's suicidal order luckily averted by other commanders. Among other things one can see how important the 4th of July celebration was for the Iowan (he mentioned the date twice), what Union soldiers ate (Sowbelly &amp;ndash; salted pork) and drank (coffee), and the everyday expressions they used to call the Confederate soldiers (the rebs, the butternut devils).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, Nebraska City History Harvest, 2010</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1864-07-12</text>
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                <text>Samuel L. Roberts</text>
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                <text>English</text>
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                <text>Chattahoochee River (Georgia)</text>
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                <text>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</text>
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        <name>15th Iowa</name>
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                  <text>Bill Hayes shared these documents on behalf of Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, granddaughters of the Civil War veteran Samuel L. Roberts. The collection includes a letter of parole (Roberts was a Civil War POW), a letter Roberts sent home from the battlefront in 1864, discharge papers and other documents. Hayes shared the documents at the Nebraska City History Harvest event held at the Lewis and Clark Missouri River Basin Visitors Center on September 12, 2010.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Confederate States of America.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Vicksburg, Miss., &lt;em&gt;Oct 15th&lt;/em&gt; 1862. &lt;br /&gt;This is to certify, That in accordance with a Cartel, in regard to an exchange&lt;br /&gt;of Prisoners, entered into between the Governments of the United States of Ame-&lt;br /&gt;rica and the Confederate States of America, on the 22nd day of July, 1862,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. L. Roberts Private Company&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;G. 15th Regt Iowa, Infantry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;who was captured on or about &lt;em&gt;3rd&lt;/em&gt; day of October at&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corinth Missi&lt;/em&gt;, and has since been held as a Prisoner of War by&lt;br /&gt;the Military authorities of the said Confederate States, is hereby Paroled with full&lt;br /&gt;leave to return to his country on the following conditions, viz: that he will not take&lt;br /&gt;up arms again, nor serve as Military Police or Constabulary force in any Fort,&lt;br /&gt;Garrison or Field work held by either of the said parties, nor as Guard of Prison-&lt;br /&gt;ers, Depots or Stores, nor discharge any duty usually performed by soldiers until&lt;br /&gt;exchanged under the provisions of the Cartel referred to. The aforesaid&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. L. Roberts&lt;/em&gt; signifying his full and free consent to&amp;nbsp;said&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;conditions by his signature hereto, thereby solemnly pledging his word and honor&lt;br /&gt;to a due observance of same.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;S. L. Roberts (signature)(signature)&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Major C. S. Army and Agentfor exchange of Prisoners.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>certificate of parole</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This is a a record of parole of the 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment soldier, Samuel L. Roberts, from the Confederate imprisonment. Captured in the second battle of Corinth, Mississippi "on or about 3rd day of October" 1862, the military authorities exchanged Roberts promptly on October 15th of the same year, after having him sign a pledge "not to take arms again" in any capacity. Roberts did not keep the pledge, however, as in 1864 he was writing back home from "[n]ear Chattahoochee rive Ga," a sight of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. The exchange took place according to a recently established Dix-Hill Cartel (July 22, 1862) in Vicksburg, Mississippi, that along with A.M. Aiken's Landing, Virginia was one of the two locations where prisoner-of-war and civilian population exchanges between the two armies could occur. The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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