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                  <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow</text>
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                  <text>Bill Hayes shared these documents on behalf of Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, granddaughters of the Civil War veteran Samuel L. Roberts. The collection includes a letter of parole (Roberts was a Civil War POW), a letter Roberts sent home from the battlefront in 1864, discharge papers and other documents. Hayes shared the documents at the Nebraska City History Harvest event held at the Lewis and Clark Missouri River Basin Visitors Center on September 12, 2010.</text>
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                  <text>Grace Emmett</text>
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                  <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, Nebraska City History Harvest, 2010</text>
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              <text>Camp 15th Iowa Inft&#13;
Near Chattahoochee river Ga&#13;
July 12th, 1864&#13;
&#13;
P I don’t think we&#13;
will get any pay before&#13;
Sept and then if we&#13;
get paid up I can&#13;
send you $100.00(?) I&#13;
hope you all had a good&#13;
(?) the 4th I have&#13;
told you a little of the&#13;
time we had S L R&#13;
&#13;
Dear Pa once more I have the chance and paper&#13;
to write you a few lines for I expect that you are all very&#13;
anxious to hear from me as I have not written for several&#13;
days but it is not my fault that I have not written&#13;
more for we have been fighting nearly every day for the &#13;
last ten days and another thing I have no paper nor &#13;
envelope nor stamps and all the boys is out I got this&#13;
from Dan Embree(?) and he is about out now I am well&#13;
and hearty and have escaped the shot and shell so far&#13;
although I have had some georgetown graziers we have&#13;
lost 50 men in our reg 2 killed and 6 wounded&#13;
in our Co Joe Paul Mrs Bernards boy is wounded in the&#13;
right breast it is not dangerous John Reeves from&#13;
Indianola had both legs shot off on the 4th we drove&#13;
the rebs 2 miles the 4th our reg was deployed as skirmishers&#13;
in the advance we charged their rifle pits that day up the&#13;
hill through an open field and there no(?) where our brave&#13;
fell like grass before the Scythe but we drove(?) the&#13;
butternut devils out and held their pits and powered&#13;
volley after volley into them as they ran. and here we are(?)&#13;
halted a little while and straightened up our line then(?)&#13;
the Col came along the line a waving his sword&#13;
and a yelling bully boys off(?) with your knapsacks and&#13;
(?) and (?) the works and of(?) and again (we had had(?)&#13;
our knapsacks up till this time) and the order&#13;
-------&#13;
wasent more than out of his mouth till our cadts(?)&#13;
and knapsacks were off and over the works we sprang&#13;
with a yell that would deafen people up in your country&#13;
and on through the woods we went on a run but&#13;
soon we was checked a little by a hail of lead in&#13;
the shape of minie balls but we pushed on driving&#13;
them before us till we came to another line of&#13;
their rifle pits whare was met by grape and&#13;
canister So we took cover behind trees as well&#13;
as we could and kept up a heavy fire of musketry&#13;
here we was about 100 yds apart a small field of&#13;
corn between us and it was pull nich pull&#13;
(?) for about a half hour when the rebel buge(?)&#13;
(?)ded and (?) they came 2 lines deep and&#13;
we only had one line and that a light one but&#13;
Col Belknap says hold your ground boys till&#13;
the punch you a little with (?) their bayonets&#13;
and they fall (?) (crossed) and we did hold our ground&#13;
till they came right up to us and the center&#13;
gave way first and their colars went clear&#13;
by us and as they came up close to us they&#13;
commenced yelling now we've got the yanks&#13;
now we've got 'em and our boys yelled back&#13;
at them not by a da_d(?)ed sight and poured&#13;
in a volley and fell back to the rifle pits&#13;
whare we drove the rebs from and was thare re(?)&#13;
forced by 3 (?) the rest of their Brig we (?)&#13;
advanced in 2 lines of battle and drove them&#13;
-------&#13;
till sundown when they opened on us with&#13;
artillery from a heavy line of breastworks (?)&#13;
them fell back on the hill about ¼ of a mile&#13;
from the rebs works and bivouacked for the&#13;
night and went back after our knapsacks&#13;
we then got supper and eat a snack of T(?) and&#13;
Sowbelly and coffeee and then went to works and&#13;
(?)&#13;
3 o clock in the morning and we advanced&#13;
again at six on the 5th To storm the&#13;
enemys works which we did in splendid (?)&#13;
style too we had to charge about 400 yds (?)&#13;
an open field and in front of us was a hea(?)&#13;
fort of 6 guns and for a hundred yds in front(?)&#13;
of the fort (crossed) they had (crossed) pickets droved(?) (?)&#13;
and sharpened so they could shoot us down&#13;
while we was a getting over them (?) (?)&#13;
in 2 lines our reg and the 16th Iowa in front&#13;
and the 11th V(?) 13th in the rear for support&#13;
we went up on quiet(?) time till we was with&#13;
in about 200 yds of the works then we raised&#13;
the yell and went it on the run and the&#13;
cowardly cusses couldent stand our bayonets&#13;
so they showd us their heels when we got with&#13;
in about 100 yds of their works so we seased(?)&#13;
their works with a very small fors to what we(?)&#13;
would if they had a stood their ground like&#13;
men and of all the yelling that I ever&#13;
-------&#13;
heard it was just after we gained their works Genls&#13;
Gresham Blair and McPherson came dashing up&#13;
a waving their hats and swords and hollering&#13;
harrah for the Iowa Brigade we then cheered&#13;
them and started on and halted (?)&#13;
½ a mile of their next line of works&#13;
and they shelled us pretty lively for a&#13;
couple of hours we then advanced (?)&#13;
within 1/4(?) of a mile of their works and&#13;
Col Hall com'd'r our Brig came running a&#13;
long drunk and said we had to charge a (?)&#13;
Nickajack(?) creek on the rebs forts and the&#13;
ground was just like prairie all the way and the&#13;
rebs had 30 guns a bearing right on us and if&#13;
we had a charged we would all been killed or captured&#13;
and we have to thank our noble Col for it and&#13;
the Cols of the other regt's for they got togeth&#13;
er and said there would (?) have their mind(?)&#13;
s (?) up for nothing and to satisfy a&#13;
drunken commander. So we dident charge&#13;
and gen Mcls(?) said he was glad of it for he&#13;
said thare would not a been any more Iowa&#13;
Brigade if we had. we now (?) the enemy&#13;
works we routed them by a flank movement we are&#13;
on one side of the river and they are on the other&#13;
well I have about run out of paper&#13;
must close I can (?)&#13;
had (?) Bill to us well to all his folks if you all&#13;
them(?) write soon your son&#13;
Leonidas Roberts&#13;
</text>
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              <text>letter</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Samuel L. Roberts' Letter from the Civil War Battlefield near Chattahoochee River, Georgia, July 12th, 1864</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This letter sent from the Civil War battlefield in Georgia is the only one left with the granddaughters of Samuel L. Roberts and is a vivid source on the life in the Union Army towards the end of the war.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa. Roberts probably wrote a letter in three sittings using black ink, pencil, and blue ink near the sight of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Roberts started the letter with excuses for not writing for "several days for we have been fighting nearly every day," and the news of his health ("have escaped so far the shot and shell") and other "boys" wounded. He followed with the detailed description of the battle and the Confederate army running away ("the cowardly cusses couldent stand our bayonets so they showd us their heels") and ended with a description of the drunken commander's suicidal order luckily averted by other commanders. Among other things one can see how important the 4th of July celebration was for the Iowan (he mentioned the date twice), what Union soldiers ate (Sowbelly &amp;ndash; salted pork) and drank (coffee), and the everyday expressions they used to call the Confederate soldiers (the rebs, the butternut devils).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, Nebraska City History Harvest, 2010</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1864-07-12</text>
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                <text>Samuel L. Roberts</text>
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                <text>English</text>
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                <text>Chattahoochee River (Georgia)</text>
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                <text>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</text>
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        <name>15th Iowa</name>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Confederate States of America.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Vicksburg, Miss., &lt;em&gt;Oct 15th&lt;/em&gt; 1862. &lt;br /&gt;This is to certify, That in accordance with a Cartel, in regard to an exchange&lt;br /&gt;of Prisoners, entered into between the Governments of the United States of Ame-&lt;br /&gt;rica and the Confederate States of America, on the 22nd day of July, 1862,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. L. Roberts Private Company&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;G. 15th Regt Iowa, Infantry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;who was captured on or about &lt;em&gt;3rd&lt;/em&gt; day of October at&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Corinth Missi&lt;/em&gt;, and has since been held as a Prisoner of War by&lt;br /&gt;the Military authorities of the said Confederate States, is hereby Paroled with full&lt;br /&gt;leave to return to his country on the following conditions, viz: that he will not take&lt;br /&gt;up arms again, nor serve as Military Police or Constabulary force in any Fort,&lt;br /&gt;Garrison or Field work held by either of the said parties, nor as Guard of Prison-&lt;br /&gt;ers, Depots or Stores, nor discharge any duty usually performed by soldiers until&lt;br /&gt;exchanged under the provisions of the Cartel referred to. The aforesaid&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. L. Roberts&lt;/em&gt; signifying his full and free consent to&amp;nbsp;said&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;conditions by his signature hereto, thereby solemnly pledging his word and honor&lt;br /&gt;to a due observance of same.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This is a a record of parole of the 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment soldier, Samuel L. Roberts, from the Confederate imprisonment. Captured in the second battle of Corinth, Mississippi "on or about 3rd day of October" 1862, the military authorities exchanged Roberts promptly on October 15th of the same year, after having him sign a pledge "not to take arms again" in any capacity. Roberts did not keep the pledge, however, as in 1864 he was writing back home from "[n]ear Chattahoochee rive Ga," a sight of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. The exchange took place according to a recently established Dix-Hill Cartel (July 22, 1862) in Vicksburg, Mississippi, that along with A.M. Aiken's Landing, Virginia was one of the two locations where prisoner-of-war and civilian population exchanges between the two armies could occur. The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Bill Hays shared Samuel L. Roberts's Civil War documents with UNL History Harvest graduate student assistant Leslie Working. The documents are from the collection of Roberts' granddaughters, Grace Emmet and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/05dg8MVmUgg" frameborder="0" width="420" height="315"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The collection includes a POW parole and exchange certificate, an application for pension, two certificates of discharge, a letter from a Civil War battlefield, and Major General W.T. Sherman's Farewell Address to His Army. You can watch this and other stories on the &lt;a title="History Harvest YouTube Channel" href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest" target="_blank"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>To All Whom it May Concern&#13;
&#13;
Know ye, That Samuel L Roberts a&#13;
Private of Captain Romulus L Hoanks&#13;
Company, (G,) 15th Regiment of Iowa Infantry&#13;
VOLUNTEERS who was enrolled on the Twentieth day of January&#13;
one thousand eight hundred and Sixty Two to serve Three years or&#13;
during the war, is hereby Discharged from the service of the United States,&#13;
this Thirty First day of January, 1864, at Vicksburg&#13;
Mississippi by reason of Reenlistment as a veteran volunteer under&#13;
Gen orders no. 191t(?) 305 Series of 1863 War Department&#13;
(No objection to his being reenlisted is known to exist.*)&#13;
Said Samuel L. Roberts was born in Clark Co&#13;
in the State of Ohio, is Eighteen years of age,&#13;
Five feet 8 inches high, Dark complexion, Dark eyes,&#13;
Dark hair, and by occupation when enrolled, a Farmer&#13;
Given at Vicksburg Miss this Thirty First day of&#13;
January 1864.&#13;
&#13;
[signed]&#13;
&#13;
E.P. Bye 1st Lieut Co G&#13;
15th Regt Iowa Inft (?)&#13;
Commanding Hi(?) Co&#13;
&#13;
[signed]&#13;
1st Leut 13th Iowa Vol&#13;
Commanding the Reg't&#13;
A, C, M 1st div 17th AC&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The Civil War discharge records reveal a treasure of personal information about age, birthplace, appearance, and conduct of the soldier. Samuel L. Roberts was discharged twice, first in 1964 in Vicksburg, Mississippi to reenlist into the 15th Iowa Infantry Veteran Regiment, and then fully discharged in July 1865.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Bill Hayes shared these documents on behalf of Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow, granddaughters of the Civil War veteran Samuel L. Roberts. The collection includes a letter of parole (Roberts was a Civil War POW), a letter Roberts sent home from the battlefront in 1864, discharge papers and other documents. Hayes shared the documents at the Nebraska City History Harvest event held at the Lewis and Clark Missouri River Basin Visitors Center on September 12, 2010.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Printed on May 30, 1865 in Washington D. C. General Sherman gave out Special Field Orders, No 76 to all the men in his army as a commemoration of their wartime record. The document bears the badges of the Union Army Corps XII, XIV, XV, XVII, and XX. Sherman recalled all the great battles of the war, the courage of his army and urged the men not to yield to the temptation to "seek new adventures abroad &amp;hellip; for it will lead only to death and disappointments."&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Samuel L. Roberts from 15th Iowa Infantry kept this address, as a memory of the five years in the army. Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa. The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>State of Iowa&#13;
&#13;
Adjutant-General's Office&#13;
&#13;
It Is Certified, That the Records of this office show that&#13;
Samuel L. Roberts, Age 18, Nativity Ohio,&#13;
Residence Indianola, Iowa, was enlisted in Company&#13;
"G", (Captain Wm T. Cunnigham) 15th Regiment Iowa&#13;
Vol. Inf. On the 24 day of Oct., 1861,&#13;
and was mustered into the United States Service as a private&#13;
for the period of 3 years on 25 day of Nov., 1861,&#13;
At Keokuk, Iowa, by Lieut, Ball, U. S. A. Mustering&#13;
Officer, and that the said Samuel L. Roberts&#13;
was wounded and taken prisoner Oct. 3, '62,&#13;
at Corinth, Miss. That he reenlisted as a veteran&#13;
and was remustered Mar. 1, 1864: wounded&#13;
in right arm (?) July 28, 1864. Mar&#13;
Atlanta, Ga. Promoted 6th Corporal Aug. 1, 1864.&#13;
3rd Sergeant Juny [sic] 1, 1865, and was mustered out&#13;
of the service July 24, 1865, at Louiswille, Ky.&#13;
&#13;
In Testimony Whereof, witness my hand and seal, at&#13;
Des Moines, this 27th day of Dec., 1912&#13;
[signed]&#13;
acting Adjutant General&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Obtained from a state adjutant-general's office, proof of service record was a major document that gave a soldier a right to claim pension. If preserved, the document gives information about the soldiers name, age, place of birth, and his history in the army.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa. Samuel L. Robert's proof of service helps us find out he was wounded twice, first in the Second Battle of Corinth, in October 1862, and than in the Battle of Atlanta, on July 28, 1864.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Paid in full 30 aug 1865&lt;br /&gt;[signed]&lt;br /&gt;Paymaster (?)&lt;br /&gt;To All Whom it May Concern&lt;br /&gt; Know ye, That Samuel L Roberts a Sergeant of Captain Edward P. Bye&lt;br /&gt; Company, (G,) 15th Regiment of Iowa Infantry Vet&lt;br /&gt; VOLUNTEERS who was [-enrolled-](crossed) reenlisted on the first day of February&lt;br /&gt; one thousand eight hundred and Sixty four to serve three years or&lt;br /&gt; during the war, is hereby Discharged from the service of the United States,&lt;br /&gt; this twenty fourth day of July, 1865, at Louisville&lt;br /&gt; Kentucky by reason of G O No 2421 d Grs. Army of Tenn, Series 1865&lt;br /&gt; Gen orders no. 191t(?) 305 Series of 1863 War Department&lt;br /&gt; (No objection to his being reenlisted is known to exist.*)&lt;br /&gt; Said Samuel L. Roberts was born in Clark County&lt;br /&gt; in the State of Ohio, is twenty years of age,&lt;br /&gt; five feet eight inches high, dark complexion, dark eyes,&lt;br /&gt;dark hair, and by occupation when enrolled, a Farmer&lt;br /&gt; Given at Louisville, Ky this Twenty fourth day of&lt;br /&gt; July 1865.&lt;br /&gt; [signed]&lt;br /&gt; E.P. Bye Capt Co G&lt;br /&gt; 15th Regt Iowa (?) vol Inft&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;[signed] 1st Leut 64th Ill (?)&lt;br /&gt;Commanding the Reg't&lt;br /&gt; A, C, M 4th Div 17th A C&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The Civil War discharge records reveal a treasure of personal information about age, birthplace, appearance, and conduct of the soldier. Samuel L. Roberts was discharged twice, first in 1964 in Vicksburg, Mississippi to reenlist into the 15th Iowa Infantry Veteran Regiment, and then fully discharged in July 1865.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Born in Ohio, but living in Indianola, Iowa in 1861, Roberts was only 18 when he enlisted. The 15th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment where he served was mustered in 1862, and was engaged in the Battle of Shiloh, and the Second Battle of Corinth, where the Confederate army captured Roberts and later exchanged him in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Despite the pledge upon parole "not to take arms again" he probably never quit the service and in 1864 participated in the Atlanta Campaign with the 15th Iowa. The document now belongs to Roberts' granddaughters Grace Emmett and Mary Ann Hessenflow.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Terri and Dave Mabon shared documents and photographs of Dave Mabon's great-grandparents Joseph and Charlotte Littlefield at the Nebraska City History Harvest event held at the Lewis and Clark Missouri River Basin Visitors Center on September 12, 2010. The documents include Joseph Littlefield's Civil War records, Joseph and Charlotte's photographs taken at different periods of their life, Charlotte's correspondence with her sister and her daughter Josephine, and Josephine and her future husband's photos from Aurora High School.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Printed funeral cards like this one were distributed among family and friends to invite them to the ceremony and last rites. These cards are a valuable source for dates in a family history.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Joseph Littlefield lived a long and eventful life. Born in Peoria County, Illinois in 1840, Littlefield served almost three years in the Civil War as a private in company C of 102nd Illinois volunteer regiment. After the war he returned to Illinois and married Hellen Crandle. In 1879 Joseph Littlefield and his family that included his mother Joanna, who was 71 at the time, came to Nebraska Clear Creek area, Sherman County to homestead. Hellen died in 1881 and six years later Joseph, now 47, married 24 year-old Lotta (Charlotte) Roberts, and had 7 more children with her, of whom only 5 survived. Littlefield moved to Aurora, Nebraska in 1904 and died there in 1911.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;After the war Littlefield was very active in the local Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) chapters, always travelling to the veterans' meetings wherever he was. The Grand Army of the Republic was a fraternal organization of the Union Civil War veterans founded in 1866 in Decatur Illinois and dissolved in 1956 when the last GAR member died.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;This card comes from the collection of Terri and Dave Mabon. Dave Mabon is Joseph Littlefield's great-grandson.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The family of the deceased distributed printed memorial cards like this to people at the funeral as a remembrance of the deceased. They often featured appropriate verse and imagery.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Joseph Littlefield lived a long and eventful life. Born in Peoria County, Illinois in 1840, Littlefield served almost three years in the Civil War as a private in company C of 102nd Illinois volunteer regiment. After the war he returned to Illinois and married Hellen Crandle. In 1879 Joseph Littlefield and his family that included his mother Joanna, who was 71 at the time, came to Nebraska Clear Creek area, Sherman County to homestead. Hellen died in 1881 and six years later Joseph, now 47, married 24 year-old Lotta (Charlotte) Roberts, and had 7 more children with her, of whom only 5 survived. Littlefield moved to Aurora, Nebraska in 1904 and died there in 1911.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;After the war Littlefield was very active in the local Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) chapters, always travelling to the veterans' meetings wherever he was. The Grand Army of the Republic was a fraternal organization of the Union Civil War veterans founded in 1866 in Decatur Illinois and dissolved in 1956 when the last GAR member died.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The photograph comes from the collection of Terri and Dave Mabon. Dave Mabon is Joseph Littlefield's great-grandson.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest?feature=watch"&gt;History Harvest YouTube Channel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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