<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="192" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://historyharvest.unl.edu/items/show/192?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-04-11T14:15:32+00:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="611">
      <src>https://historyharvest.unl.edu/files/original/7bbf13da62b4325279099744c83d566b.jpg</src>
      <authentication>02e3b58c41a3a8dce7ad74d84a409129</authentication>
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="5">
          <name>Omeka Image File</name>
          <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="74">
              <name>Bit Depth</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11099">
                  <text>8</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="75">
              <name>Channels</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11100">
                  <text>3</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="73">
              <name>Height</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11103">
                  <text>828</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="79">
              <name>IPTC Array</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11104">
                  <text>a:1:{s:12:"date_created";s:10:"22.10.2011";}</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="78">
              <name>IPTC String</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11105">
                  <text>date_created:22.10.2011
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Width</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11106">
                  <text>1200</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </file>
    <file fileId="612">
      <src>https://historyharvest.unl.edu/files/original/5ddaeef3633d75162a7cfe3e4e5cabf3.jpg</src>
      <authentication>1811446b427af71e593b85cb29dbe67b</authentication>
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="5">
          <name>Omeka Image File</name>
          <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="74">
              <name>Bit Depth</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11107">
                  <text>8</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="75">
              <name>Channels</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11108">
                  <text>3</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="73">
              <name>Height</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11111">
                  <text>822</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="79">
              <name>IPTC Array</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11112">
                  <text>a:1:{s:12:"date_created";s:10:"22.10.2011";}</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="78">
              <name>IPTC String</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11113">
                  <text>date_created:22.10.2011
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Width</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11114">
                  <text>1200</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </file>
    <file fileId="613">
      <src>https://historyharvest.unl.edu/files/original/99d429eae4338240fd7fcaf529616e73.jpg</src>
      <authentication>56f2791f982e6c20f0bbf91118a91a3c</authentication>
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="5">
          <name>Omeka Image File</name>
          <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="74">
              <name>Bit Depth</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11115">
                  <text>8</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="75">
              <name>Channels</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11116">
                  <text>3</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="73">
              <name>Height</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11119">
                  <text>847</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="79">
              <name>IPTC Array</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11120">
                  <text>a:1:{s:12:"date_created";s:10:"22.10.2011";}</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="78">
              <name>IPTC String</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11121">
                  <text>date_created:22.10.2011
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Width</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="11122">
                  <text>1200</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="4">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24166">
                <text>Ralph Orduna of the Tuskeegee Airmen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24167">
                <text>Ralph Orduna was born in Omaha and went to Westside Elementary and South High School. He began working at the Martin Bomber Plant sometime after it opened near Omaha in the Spring of 1941, and became the youngest supervisor at the plant. During World War II, he enlisted in the US Army Air Corps and became a fighter pilot as one of the "Tuskeegee Airmen," the popular name for the African-American pilots of the 332nd Fighter Group and the 477th Bombardment Group in the Army Air Corps. As a member of the Tuskeegee Airmen, Mr. Orduna flew multiple recon and bomber escort missions over enemy territory. He was a member of the first all-black fighter pilot group in the 301 Fighter Squadron of the 15th Air Force's 332 Fighter Group. Following his military service, he studied for a commercial pilot’s license under the GI Bill, but was unable to gain employment, as airlines were not hiring black pilots at the time. Ralph Orduna passed away on May 27, 2003.&#13;
&#13;
This collection was brought to us by Philip Orduna Reis, the son of Ralph Orduna. Phillip is active in the local chapter for Tuskeegee Airmen, and attends national conferences that seek to curate the history of the group. The Omaha chapter is named after Alfonza W. Davis, an Omaha Tech graduate who went on to be a squadron leader as a Tuskeegee Airmen, and was killed in action near the end of the war. This collection was donated at the 2011 North Omaha History Harvest.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26948">
                <text>Ralph Orduna of the Tuskeegee Airmen, North Omaha History Harvest, 2011</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27619">
                <text>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <itemType itemTypeId="15">
    <name>Object</name>
    <description>A three-dimensional, non-textual material item.</description>
    <elementContainer>
      <element elementId="7">
        <name>Original Format</name>
        <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="15438">
            <text>gold medal</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
    </elementContainer>
  </itemType>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="15432">
              <text>Tuskeegee Airmen Congressional Gold Medal</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="15433">
              <text>&lt;p&gt;This Congressional Gold Medal was presented to Ralph Orduna&amp;rsquo;s family by Congressman Lee Terry in 2006. The medals were awarded to all members of the Tuskeegee Airmen by the United States Congress, and issued by the United States Mint. The medallion shows three airmen: an officer, a mechanic, and a pilot. On the back are three planes: a P-40, P-51, and B-25, all planes flown by the Tuskeegee Airmen.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For interviews and oral histories of this and other items please visit the &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/HistoryHarvest"&gt; History Harvest YouTube Channel.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="15434">
              <text>United States Mint</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="15435">
              <text>Ralph Orduna of the Tuskeegee Airmen, North Omaha History Harvest, 2011</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="15436">
              <text>2008</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="26953">
              <text>World War II</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="26954">
              <text>object</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="26955">
              <text>image</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="27621">
              <text>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
  <tagContainer>
    <tag tagId="174">
      <name>Air Force</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="586">
      <name>Congressional Gold Medal</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="49">
      <name>Military</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="1157">
      <name>North Omaha History Harvest 2011</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="1161">
      <name>Ralph Orduna of the Tuskeegee  Airmen Collection</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="173">
      <name>Tuskeegee Airmen</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="463">
      <name>World War II</name>
    </tag>
  </tagContainer>
</item>
